This theory explains how population growth will happen from Malthus's point of view. The population grows in a geometrical way, which means population increases in 2, 4, 7, 12, 32, and 48. But the food production (or supply) increases arithmetically, which means in 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. As a result of the population increasing, the level of food production (or supply) does not increase; it makes people not have enough food even for survival. People will start to die because of a lack of food supply.
Assumption 1) Food is necessary for life. 2) Food production increases arithmetically, e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. 3) Population increases geometrically, e.g., 2, 4, 7, 12, 32, and 48. 4) Passion between men and women is unchanged. 5) Population is limited by food—population increases in the same proportion as food also increases unless prevented by some checks.
Diagram