By 2050, the European Union’s “Zero Pollution Action Plan” will strive to achieve an environment without toxins by decreasing air, water, and soil pollution to levels that have no effect on human health or the ecosystems’ ability to function properly and provide vital services (e.g., storing carbon or filtering pollution). Pollution is associated with a large number of diseases and early deaths, and the loss of biodiversity and decreases ecosystems’ capacity to provide essential services. Given the urgency to act on public health, the environment, economies, and moral obligation, in May 2021, the EU adopted this plan as an integral component of its Green Deal, with a report to be issued in January 2026 as part of the plan’s mid-term review.
The plan includes significant targets for progress toward 2030, including a 55% decrease in premature deaths caused by air pollution; substantial reductions in plastic/microplastic pollution; reducing nutrient loss and the use of chemical pesticides by one-half; reducing threats to biodiversity caused by air pollution; lowering noise pollution from transportation; and drastically reducing waste generation and residual municipal solid waste. The Action Plan helps to promote pollution prevention or reduction throughout all EU policies, improves existing legislation where necessary, and identifies any policy gaps. It supports innovation through the use of digital solutions, investment, and international cooperation while building the EU’s leadership role for green and sustainable development. The EU monitors progress towards achieving the goals set out in the Action Plan via regular reporting, dashboards, and using various stakeholder platforms. The 2026 review will be a comprehensive overview of successes achieved, challenges yet to be overcome, and practical solutions in support of the EU’s goals for clean air, clean water, clean soil, and a healthier/fairer future for people and nature.